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1. BLACK HIGHLIGHT COVERS FOR INSTAGRAM NATURE CODE
2. BLACK HIGHLIGHT COVERS FOR INSTAGRAM NATURE PROFESSIONAL

Penalties for malpractice followed the same scheme: a doctor who killed a rich patient would have his hands cut off, while only financial restitution was required if the victim was a slave.

BLACK HIGHLIGHT COVERS FOR INSTAGRAM NATURE PROFESSIONAL

The edicts range from family law to professional contracts and administrative law, often outlining different standards of justice for the three classes of Babylonian society-the propertied class, freedmen and slaves.Ī doctor’s fee for curing a severe wound would be 10 silver shekels for a gentleman, five shekels for a freedman and two shekels for a slave.

For example, if a man steals an ox, then he must pay back 30 times its value. The 282 edicts are all written in if-then form.

BLACK HIGHLIGHT COVERS FOR INSTAGRAM NATURE CODE

But the code is also one of the earliest examples of an accused person being considered innocent until proven guilty. Hammurabi’s Code provides some of the earliest examples of the doctrine of “lex talionis,” or the laws of retribution, sometimes better known as “an eye for an eye.”ĭid you know? The Code of Hammurabi includes many harsh punishments, sometimes demanding the removal of the guilty party’s tongue, hands, breasts, eye or ear. The text, compiled at the end of Hammurabi’s reign, is less a proclamation of principles than a collection of legal precedents, set between prose celebrating Hammurabi’s just and pious rule.

The rest of the seven-foot-five-inch monument is covered with columns of chiseled cuneiform script. The black stone stele containing the Code of Hammurabi was carved from a single, four-ton slab of diorite, a durable but incredibly difficult stone for carving.Īt its top is a two-and-a-half-foot relief carving of a standing Hammurabi receiving the law-symbolized by a measuring rod and tape-from the seated Shamash, the Babylonian god of justice. One letter records his complaint of being forced to provide dinner attire for ambassadors from Mari just because he’d done the same for some other delegates: “Do you imagine you can control my palace in the matter of formal wear?” The Babylon of Hammurabi’s era is now buried below the area’s groundwater table, and whatever archives he kept are long dissolved, but clay tablets discovered at other ancient sites reveal glimpses of the king’s personality and statecraft. Hammurabi combined his military and political advances with irrigation projects and the construction of fortifications and temples celebrating Babylon’s patron deity, Marduk. In the 30th year of his reign, Hammurabi began to expand his kingdom up and down the Tigris and Euphrates river valley, overthrowing the kingdoms of Assyria, Larsa, Eshunna and Mari until all of Mesopotamia was under his sway. His family was descended from the Amorites, a semi-nomadic tribe in western Syria, and his name reflects a mix of cultures: Hammu, which means “family” in Amorite, combined with rapi, meaning “great” in Akkadian, the everyday language of Babylon. Hammurabi was the sixth king in the Babylonian dynasty, which ruled in central Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq) from c.